Synthesis of 5-Substituted 1,3-Dimethylpyrazolo[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazines

A novel method for the synthesis of a new series of 5-substituted 1,3-dimethyl pyrazolo[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazines is described. The new synthetic strategy is based on the classical Bischler 1,2,4-benzotriazine synthesis. This approach involves the preparation of 5-hydrazinopyrazole from 5-chloro-1,3-dimethyl-4-nitropyrazole followed by acylation and nitro group reduction to form the corresponding 4-amino-3-(acylhydrazino)pyrazoles. Intramolecular oxidative cyclization of the latter derivatives, using polyphosphoric acid, produced the respective target pyrazolotriazines.     

A review of heat treatment on polyacrylonitrile fiber

Developing carbon fiber from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based fiber is generally subjected to three processes namely stabilization, carbonization, and graphitization under controlled conditions. The PAN fiber is first stretched and simultaneously oxidized in a temperature range of 200-300 °C. This treatment converts thermoplastic PAN to a non-plastic cyclic or a ladder compound. After oxidation, the fibers are carbonized at about 1000 °C in inert atmosphere which is usually nitrogen. Then, in order to improve the ordering and orientation of the crystallites in the direction of the fiber axis, the fiber must be heated at about 1500-3000 °C until the polymer contains 92-100%. High temperature process generally leads to higher modulus fibers which expel impurities in the chain as volatile by-products. During heating treatment, the fiber shrinks in diameter, builds the structure into a large structure and upgrades the strength by removing the initial nitrogen content of PAN precursor and the timing of nitrogen. With better-controlled condition, the strength of the fiber can achieve up to 400 GPa after this pyrolysis process.     

An alternative synthesis of 2-(N-arylhydrazono)-1-benzothiophen-3-ones

In the presence of triethylamine, 2-mercaptobenzoic acid readily adds onto acylhydrazonoyl chlorides (1a-c) (precursors of the reactive nitrile imine 1,3-dipolar species) to afford good yields of the corresponding 2-[(2-oxo-1-arylhydrazonopropan-1-yl)mercapto]benzoic acids (2a-c). The latter acyclic adducts, in THF in the presence of 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole, undergo intramolecular cyclization involving the activated carboxy and the enol functionality to deliver the respective 2-(N-arylhydrazono)-3-oxobenzothiophenes (3a-c). In the solid state, the latter compounds adopt the (Z)-geometry around the C=N double bond as evidenced by single crystal X-ray structure determination for 3b.     

An Infrared Spectroscopic Study on the Hofmann-diam-type 1,12-Diaminododecanemetal(II) Tetracyanonickelate(II)-aromatic Guest Clathrates: M(H2N(CH2)12NH2)Ni(CN)4ċG(M=Co, Ni or Cd; G = Benzene, Naphthalene, Anthracene, Phenanthrene or Biphenyl)

Three Hofmann-diaminododecane-type clathrates of the form M(1,12-diaminododecane) Ni(CN)₄G (M = Co, Ni or Cd; G = benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene or biphenyl) have been prepared in powder form. The 1,12-diaminododecane molecules in the host lattice permit the inclusion of bulky guest molecules. The spectral features suggest that these compounds are similar in structure to the other Hofmann-diam-type clathrates.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure,and Electrochemical Behaviour of an Azido μ‐bridged Ni2+ Complex

A homo‐dinuclear Ni^II complex was prepared from 2, 6‐bis(3, 5‐dimethylpyrazolyl)pyridine (Me₄‐bpp) and azide ions in nonaqueous media. It was characterized by single crystal X‐ray structural analysis, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. In addition, the electrochemical properties of the compound were determined with cyclic voltammetry in DMF. The title compound crystallizes in the P2₁/n monoclinic space group, with unit cell parameters a = 8.978(1), b = 12.459(1), c = 17.764(1) Å, ß =100.603(3)°, V = 1953.0(3) ų, Z = 2. The Ni²⁺ ion has a distorted octahedral environment involving three nitrogen atoms of the Me₄‐bpp ligand, two nitrogen atoms from the bridged azide group, and one nitrogen atom from the terminal azide group. The Ni···Ni distance is 3.273(5) Å.     

Preconcentration and separation of copper(II), cadmium(II) and chromium(III) in a syringe filled with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane supported on silica gel

In this study, a syringe was filled with silica gel loaded with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, for the separation and preconcentration of copper, cadmium and chromium prior to their determination by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) in seawater. For this purpose, a syringe was filled with 0.5 g of modified silica gel and the sample solution was drawn into the syringe and ejected back again. The analyte elements were quantitatively retained at pH 5. Then, the elements sorbed by the silica gel were eluted with 2.0 M of HCl and determined by GFAAS. At optimum conditions, the recovery of Cu, Cd and Cr were 96-98%. Detection limits (3delta) were 6.6, 7.5 and 6.0 micro g L(-1) for Cu, Cd and Cr, respectively. The elements could be concentrated by drawing and discharging several portions of sample successively but eluting only once. Cu, Cd and Cr added to a seawater sample were quantitatively recovered (>95%) in the range of the 95% confidence level. The method proposed in this paper was compared with a column technique. Optimum experimental conditions, reproducibility, precision and recoveries of both techniques are the same, but the syringe technique is much faster, easier and more practical than the column technique. It is a portable system and allows one to make the sorption process in the source of sample. In addition, the risk of contamination is less than in the column technique.     

Identities and Quasi-Identities of Pointed Algebras

Siberian Mathematical Journal - Each pointed enrichment of an algebra can be regarded as the same algebra with an additional finite set of constant operations. An algebra...     

On the Synthesis of Some 2-Arylhydrazono-3-oxothieno[2,3-<Emphasis Type="Italic">b</Emphasis>]pyridines by Reaction of Nitrilimines with 2-Mercaptonicotinic Acid

Summary. Nitrilimines prepared from N-arylhydrazono chlorides reacted with 2-mercaptonicotinic acid yielding the corresponding addition products, 2-[(2-oxo-1-arylhydrazonopropan-1-yl)mercapto] nicotinic acids, which were treated with 1,1-carbonyldiimidazole in THF affording by cyclocondensation the corresponding hitherto unknown 2-arylhydrazono-3-oxothieno[2,3-b]pyridines.     

Synthesis and amino acid extraction abilities of chiral calix[4]arene triamides containing amino alcohol units

Herein the synthesis and extraction abilities of new d-/l-phenylalaninol substituted p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene triamide derivatives (3 and 4) towards amino acids are reported. These compounds (3 and 4) have been easily synthesized via aminolysis of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene trimethylester (2) with d-/l-phenylalaninol in methanol-toluen solvent system at one step. The extraction properties of the prepared chiral calix[4]arene triamide derivatives (3 and 4) towards some selected amino acid methylesters are studied by liquid–liquid extraction. Results show that these chiral calix[4]arene triamide derivatives (3 and 4) exhibited a good affinity towards all amino acid species without any remarkably discrimination.